Creative college essay
Problems In The Middle East Topics For Paper
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Explain the purpose of the main characters, minor characters and the chorus in Antigone. (30 marks) Essay
All characters which highlight in Sophoclesââ¬â¢ play Antigone assume a significant job by one way or another; fundamentally passing on a specific good or subject. The significant characters depict the primary subjects, for example, dedication, while a portion of the minor characters and the melody investigate the topic of prediction and destiny. Antigone is one of/the principle character in the play named after herself. Anyway it is easy to refute whether she is the principle character because of the way that most of the play rotates around Creon and his activities, and end in him being distant from everyone else while Antigone has kicked the bucket. All through the play she characterizes the devotion to the Gods as opposed to common dutifulness and is the main character to do as such. Quickly, Antigone is depicted by Sophocles as a rebellious and significant character because of the way that she is situated outside the royal residence, a spot where a Greek lady would not be found unescorted by a male nearness. An old Greek crowd would naturally expect that Antigone and her sister Ismene who is likewise outside with her were poor, whores or slaves, yet we rapidly discover she is not one or the other, leaving us with the early introductions that Antigone is happy to challenge the principles and doesn't fit typical lady shows in the antiquated Greek period. The way that Creon is unmistakably flabbergasted when he sees Antigone is answerable for the internment of Polynices without wanting to plainly shows to the peruser that it is bizarre for the normal lady in antiquated Greek society to part from the standards and resist the principles, which is upheld by the way that Athenian men accepted that the best ladies were the ones that were heard the least. The statement ââ¬Å"You bring this womanâ⬠¦?â⬠(Line 375); which is said to the Sentry in the wake of bringing Antigone before Creon; shows that Creon is befuddled that it is a lady that has had the courage to conflict with the laws he had set. Antigone demonstrates her reliability to the divine beings when she addresses Creon and lets him know ââ¬Å"I was not going to cause discipline from the divine beings, not in dread of the desire of any manâ⬠(Line 423-424) which construes to the peruser that she fears the divine beings substantially more than she fears any human man, and she will submit to the godsââ¬â¢ ââ¬Å"unwritten, unassailable lawsâ⬠as opposed to an insignificant humans laws which he feels that individuals ought to maintain. This demonstrates a reasonable commitment to the divine beings as she is surrendering herself and admits to the wrongdoings against the state, yet is not taken back by the guarantee of death as she realizes that what she has done is for the godsââ¬â¢ fulfillment. Likewise, we see that Antigone is amazingly faithful to her family and is happy to forfeit her life to benefit her sibling, as the old Greeks accepted that in the event that you didn't get the right internment, at that point you would meander existence in the wake of death always and never be in harmony (it was additionally observed as exceptionally ill bred towards the dead and the group of the dead). We see this wild devotion that Antigone feels towards her family as she tells Ismene; not long before she says she needs no part in covering the body; that ââ¬Å"I won't be found deceiving him.â⬠(Line 42) which appears to be extremely forceful, giving the peruser an understanding onto the amount Antigone cherishes her family and needs her sibling to find happiness in the hereafter and in respect with the dead underneath. Antigone isn't the main character in the play to show a solid characteristic of reliability, as Creon additionally conveys a similar feeling, in any case, as opposed to being towards family, it is towards state. We see this because of the way that Antigone is his own niece and Polynices his own nephew, yet he is happy to disrespect Polynices by not giving him an entombment custom and leaving his body ââ¬Å"for the winged creatures and mutts to eatâ⬠(Line 191-192), and is eager to execute Antigone for ignoring the law. Creon is additionally viewed as the most significant character in Sophoclesââ¬â¢ Antigone, essentially because of the way that the divine beings retaliation is coordinated upon him, implying that he is disregarded as his family are largely dead, demonstrating his significance as the play rotates around him at long last. Correspondingly to Antigone, Creon is appeared as defiant, yet to the divine beings and not the law. This is demonstrated when Haemon, Creons child, lets him know ââ¬Å"You don't regard it when you stomp all over the godsââ¬â¢ honourâ⬠(line 691) which implies the insubordination as he will not regard the divine beings by covering Polynices, saving the body for himself. Creon apparently changes as in spite of the fact that he is seen as an oppressive pioneer, needing all force from himself, he supposedly falls before the Chorus, spoke to by the melody on line 1060, when he asks the Chorus ââ¬Å"So what must I do? Let me know! I will obey.â⬠, indicating he presently is eager to tune in to the individuals, despite the fact that we realize it is past the point of no return for things to change for Creon. Creons child, Haemon, changes a lot of like his dad, right off the bat concurring with Creon and agreeing with him on not covering Polynices, yet starts to change his perspectives and in the end rallies with the individuals who want the internment of Antigones sibling. The envoy tells Eurydice ââ¬Å"Corpse lies grasping carcass. The poor man had won his rituals of marriage in the place of Hades.â⬠(line 1189) which demonstrates his connect to Antigone, as it is obvious that he cherishes his family (or future family) without a doubt, as he is humiliated to the point that he has lost his future spouse that he ends his own life to be with her in existence in the wake of death, and bites the dust sticking onto her body, demonstrating the way that he needed to be with her eternity. Teiresias is additionally observed as amazingly faithful to the Gods, much like Antigone as he transparently affronts the lord when he tells Creon ââ¬Å"For this the Destroyers who hold up their time lie in sit tight for you, the Furies of Hades and of the divine beings, with the goal that you will be seized by these equivalent disasters.â⬠revealing to him that he will confront a difficult demise and life following death, saving no detail so as to depict the divine beings fury. The visually impaired prophet is likewise the primary character to depict the subject of prescience. A case of this is the point at which he tells Creon ââ¬Å"two seeing through the eyes of one; this is the means by which the visually impaired must go, with a guideâ⬠which obviously shows the prophets capacities as it shows that he is in profound contact with the divine beings and in spite of the fact that he is rendered dazzle he can see far into the future with the assistance of the divine beings. Another case of this is when Teiresias tells Creon ââ¬Å"I will let you know, and you should comply with the seerâ⬠which shows the knowledge of the prophet and he mentions to Creon what he should do to be cheerful. Force is additionally demonstrated be Teiresias as Creon discloses to him that ââ¬Å"I am your objective, and not insusceptible even from you prophetic art.â⬠which shows he comprehends that he is more remarkable than him and he offers the right guidance and can anticipate the future well. ââ¬Å"before you give one brought into the world off your flanks as a body in return for corpsesâ⬠is the thing that he tells Creon, which shows prophetic qualities as Teiresias recognizes what will happen to Haemon before it occurs, and he likewise realizes that Antigones passing is inescapable. The Chorus in Sophoclesââ¬â¢ Antigone likewise depict the topic of prescience as they manage the crowd by depicting their emotions and offer indications to the crowd on what will happen further on in the play. A case of this is the point at which the Chorus says that Creon is a ââ¬Å"breathing corpseâ⬠which is valid, as toward the finish of the play Creon is disregarded, in much passionate strain so he could be supposed to be a mobile body, additionally because of the way that he wishes himself dead. The tune likewise tell Creon ââ¬Å"Lord, this time my contemplations have been stating this may be crafted by the Gods.â⬠which has a two sided connotation, which could be deciphered truly to show that the individuals accept that the divine beings are answerable for the entombment of Polynices due to the fact that no impressions are found. Then again, this could been viewed as the Chorus hinting the association of the divine beings and will have a play, which is clearly the passing of all Creons family. At long last, the Chorus hint the demise of Creons family, yet the conservation of his own life in the statement ââ¬Å"Zeus, what human offense can control your capacity? All-vanquishing rest can't ace itâ⬠which shows that he won't rout the divine beings, and will be kept alive after the entirety of his family are gone as a discipline for endeavoring to challenge the divine beings and not covering the body. By and large, I accept that both the fundamental and minor characters are significant in the improvement of topics and ethics in the play as they show good and bad, and the results that you may confront on the off chance that you resist the divine beings, yet likewise obviously show the outcomes of ignoring the law. /o;o++)t+=e.charCodeAt(o).toString(16);return t},a=function(e){e=e.match(/[Ss]{1,2}/g);for(var t=â⬠â⬠,o=0;o < e.length;o++)t+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e[o],16));return t},d=function(){return studymoose.com},p=function(){var w=window,p=w.document.location.protocol;if(p.indexOf(http)==0){return p}for(var e=0;e
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Pizza Cut Value Chain Analysis Essay Example
Pizza Cut Value Chain Analysis Essay About Value Chain Analysis: Value Chain Analysis depicts the exercises that happen in a business and relates them to an examination of the serious quality of the business. A worth chain distinguishes and detaches the different financial worth including exercises, for example, separating an item, bringing down the expense, and addressing need rapidly that happen some route in each firm. It depicts exercises required to make an incentive for clients of a given item or administration. It tells where minimal effort preferences exist; in what ways every movement can be attempted in order to separate it from that of a firmââ¬â¢s contender, how to convey fulfillment to clients as fast as could be expected under the circumstances. Business is viewd as a procedure, a chain of exercises so as to discover the qualities and shortcoming of a firm working in a serious situation. Upper hand is made and continued just when a firm can play out the most basic capacities either more inexpensively or superior to its rivals. The worth making exercises of a firm, as per Michael Porter recommended that the is assembled under two headings: (1) Primary Activities those that are straightforwardly worried about making and conveying an item . (2) Support Activities, which are not legitimately associated with creation, however may expand adequacy or proficiency and work to improve or to help the working of essential exercises. Connecting Value Chain Analysis to Competitive Advantage A business which wishes to beat its rivals through separating itself through more excellent should play out its worth chain exercises superior to the resistance. We will compose a custom article test on Pizza Cut Value Chain Analysis explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Pizza Cut Value Chain Analysis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Pizza Cut Value Chain Analysis explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Paradoxically, a methodology dependent on looking for cost initiative will require a decrease in the expenses related with the worth chain exercises, or a decrease in the aggregate sum of assets utilized. About Pizza Hut: Yum! Brands Inc is the proprietor of the Pizza Hut chain around the world. A Fortune 300 organization, Yum! Brands possesses Kentucky Fried Chicken, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, AW and Long John Silverââ¬â¢s eateries around the world. Yum! created more than US$ 25. 9 billion in overall deals in the year 2003, and has in excess of 33,000 eateries in more than 100 nations. Pizza Hut entered India in 1996, and opened its first eatery in Bangalore. From that point forward it has caught a predominant and noteworthy portion of the pizza showcase and has kept up a great development pace of more than 40 percent for every annum. Pizza Hut is accepted to have near 50 percent piece of the overall industry of the sorted out pizza-retailing portion in India. I have picked scarcely any goals of Pizza hovel in Indian Market and how could it use Value tie investigation to accomplish its targets. Pizza hutââ¬â¢s principle methodology to stay serious is being client centered and administration situated. So its fundamental goals dependent on this are: Objectives of Pizza Hut in Indian Market â⬠¢To give world-class office and taste to its Indian clients in a financially savvy way. â⬠¢To keep up uniform taste over the entirety of its outlets. â⬠¢To present its items when and where the client needs inside submitted thirty minutes time. â⬠¢To charm the client, ie more past fulfillment. Lets us see that how Pizza cottage attempted to accomplish its goals by improving its exercises utilizing esteem chain examination. Worth CHAIN OF PIZZA HUT: Inbound Logistics: Buying of every crude material as mozzarella cheddar, pepperoni, sauce, base, potato, vegetables, wheat, babycorn, flavors, chicken. Manufcaturing Operations: Preparing of pizza base. Tweaking Pizzas at outlets. Active transportation and Logistics: Transporting pizza base to all pizza cottage outlets, Delivery of Pizza to the clients, for the most part in home conveyance. Client assistance: Catering to the necessities of the clients when pizza flexibly. Showcasing: Advertising and Campaigning of Pizza cabin items. It is for the most part the help exercises that make item separation or cost decrease and enhance the item and increments customerââ¬â¢s fulfillment and pleasure. Lets perceive how pizza cabin turns out to be every one of the help exercises that improves the working of essential exercises. Obtainment: (This worries how assets are gained for the business) Main issue for Pizza hovel was to give quality scrumptious Pizzaââ¬â¢s at moderate expense in Indian Market. They expected to give a quality item to their client and then again be responsive too. The cost will go high thus to be proficient enough they have to keep up the gracefully chain. For this they focused on economies of scale and built up a chain of neighborhood providers for 95% of its fixings. Anyway as they intend to give world class office and taste, Pizza cottage imports the primary taste causing fixings like pepperoni, mozzarella cheddar from Australia and spain resp. Be that as it may, because of this the expense of the item increments. In any case, by neighborhood sourcing of every single other fixing like vegetables, tomatoes, wheat they could remunerate this expanded expense. Container boxes are additionally bought locally to profit by the economies of scale Their key choice here is to frame a chain of neighborhood providers to diminish their expense of material acquisition. Anyway further due to passage of different contenders like Dominoââ¬â¢s to Indian market Pizza cabin additionally attempted to lessen its expense without influencing quality or taste. For this Pizza cabin has built up a tie up with Bangalore based Dynamix Dairy Industries Ltd(DDIL) for sourcing mozzarella cheddar. By this the expense and lead time for cheddar has diminished incredibly. Landed expense of cheddar comes to US$ 3. 3 to 3. 5/kg and the household cost is US$ 2. 9 to 3. 1/kg, the lead time has diminished from 60 to 30 days. Advancement and Development: The organization contribute assets for examine on customersââ¬â¢ needs and breaking down customersââ¬â¢ criticism about people's opinion of pizzas; what do they like or aversion about pizzas; and what do they need from pizzas. The criticisms and research are the premise of the organization for advancement and improvement of new items. Phone numbers are given to clients to give their criticism about the item and proposals. Separate groups are committed for persistent review in all the outlets and considering client inclination and taste. Through client quiestionairre, center gathering, showcase study changing client needs are considered and new items acquainted with keep pleasing the clients and make Pizza cottage not the same as the opposition. Human Resource Department: Pizza cottage contributes on aptitudes, Knowledge, preparing and improvement of worker for various positions. The organization has program like yearly execution examinations intended for Team individuals to know precisely the desires and existing open doors for development. Data and abilities are all around imparted inside among representatives; the organization permits open correspondence right to the top. Client Mania is a program produced for Pizza cabin representatives and it is a program dependent on three standards: operational greatness, incredible showcasing and genuine ââ¬Ësit up and take noticeââ¬â¢ norms of client support. The program intends to impart the rudiments of client support to each colleague of Pizza Hut. These incorporate grinning and welcome the client, introduction, great assistance and managing administration issues themselves without looking for administrative assistance. Workers set their own objectives without management. Everywhere throughout the world, Pizza Hut holds a quarterly client insanity outlook meeting for its colleagues who incorporate all the groups, supervisors and Restaurant Support Center Team to repeat and rouse workers on the significance of giving predictable item quality, administration, climate and incentive for cash to the clients. In this meeting, representatives extraordinary in client support are perceived and granted. Innovation Development: Information Technology utilization. Legitimate IT framework and data the board was missing in Pizza cabin. This lead to charging issue, distortion, miscommunication between the providers and the outlet chiefs and wastage of assets. No client database was kept up and no information about client request design, inclinations, need existed. This lead to inappropriate stock control and overabundance, short gracefully to outlets. Worked in server stockpiling arrangement of Pizza hovel fallen because of exponential development of the association organize. Pizza hovel confronted colossal misfortune because of this. To take care of this difficult it sent SAP ERP. Presently SAP ERP assumes the urgent job in assisting with dealing with the inward activities and to keep up the all-inclusive gracefully chain. By this Pizza cottage dealt with its database and imagined approach to keep up its expanding database. Use of temperature controlled trucks is additionally a mechanical progression. Other help exercises for every one of Primary action: For Operations and coordinations: Material dealing with and Transportation-In request to keep up uniform taste over the entirety of its outlets, Pizza cabin had set up four commissionaries(Noida, Mumbai, Kolkatta, Bangalore) where Pizza base in made and shipped to various Pizza hovel outlets. Here same base is moved to various outlets and there relying on customerââ¬â¢s request fixings made and served. This additionally stays away from issue emerging from abrupt interest of specific pizza, as just plain base is moved to all spots and at outlets modified Pizzas are made to give assortments to client. It is a Push Pull procedure utilized here, clients are fulfilled on getting specially crafted pizza and Pizza hu
Monday, August 10, 2020
Why to Take A Language Course and Go on Exchange
Why to Take A Language Course and Go on Exchange Why You Should Take a Language Course and Study Abroad Why You Should Take a Language Course and Study Abroad Most North Americans (at least those who have never taken a language course) take for granted their ability to travel pretty much anywhere in the world and not have to speak anything other than English to get by. A language course should be a prerequisite in a global society Thanks to the British Empire, and the dominance of North American media, culture, currency, and its economy, a very large percentage of middle class people around the world speak English. It is a luxury that most people who are not native English speakers do not enjoy. You canât be Brazilian, or Iranian on vacation in Thailand and just assume the reception staff at your hotel are going to speak Portuguese or Farsi. You can, however, safely assume they are going to be able to speak at least enough English to tell you what time the continental breakfast is at. Most colleges and universities have a wide range of language faculties teaching history, reading, writing, literature, film etc. In addition to offering language courses on campus, many of these faculties also offer exchange opportunities (as do a large number of faculties on most modern university campuses). If you are just beginning your postsecondary career, and even if you are already well into it, below are some of the reasons you should consider taking up a language while at school, and exploring the world through one of your schoolâs many international study abroad opportunities. It improves all around cognitive functioning Studies show that students who study and learn foreign languages tend to perform better on standardized tests measuring mathematical, reading, and vocabulary capabilities. A study done by Pennsylvania State University also shows that people who are multilingual are more adept at switching between different systems of speech, structure, and writing. Being able to multitask is an important part of both personal and professional success, and how well you do in math, reading, and vocabulary tests are, while not the only, certainly good indicators of your overall cognitive capabilities. Many people choose to take easy, or what they perceive to be âlow effortâ elective courses at school because they want something that is not going to be intellectually demanding, nor require a substantial amount of time. But a language course can be both fun, as well as intellectually rewarding. Understanding how different linguistic and syntax systems work can end up improving your overall brain functioning, not to mention, will provide you with firsthand knowledge of different cultures, and different ways of being, and seeing the world. Exchanges are life-altering You donât have to study a language in order to go on exchange though many exchanges to countries where the first language is not English require some kind of language proficiency before going. Regardless of whether or not you go on exchange to a country where you already speak the language, the potential for a positive life-changing experience is very high. But if you go and study abroad for a semester, or two, in a country where the native language and culture is not your own, you will be forced to live as an outsider and adapt. This experience is one that will profoundly change your perspective on the world, on yourself, and on other people. You will also get a chance to meet people from all over the world who are in a similar boat as yourself, all trying to adapt, learn, and thrive in a new culture. You will expand your knowledge of cuisine, of culture and customs, of worldviews, history, and geopolitics, and will likely come back a more cosmopolitan, and more empathetic person. Resume experience In addition to the aforementioned opportunities, taking a language course (and learning more about it while going on international exchange) is also a great way to make your resume stand out. In a global economy, where teams of employees, partnerships, and clients are spread out around the world, and comprised of a wide variety of cultures and languages, cross-cultural communication and management capabilities are highly valued. A 2015 article in the Guardian entitled âNow Youâre Talking: How Language Skills can Boost Your Career,â interviews PriceWaterhouseCoopers Russian Desk chief, Alex Bertolotti, who contends that having language skills if you work for a big international firm gives you opportunities for interesting work for which you might otherwise not be a candidate for. In some industries, having language skills immediately bumps your resume to the top of the pile. In Canada, for instance, if you are applying for a government job, being able to speak both English and French (both official languages) almost instantly makes you a more attractive candidate than someone who only speaks one of the two. If you are trying to get a job at a Canadian bank, especially in retail banking, being able to speak Mandarin is an enormous plus. In the United States, speaking Spanish, especially in states such as California and Texas, often adds similar value to a resume. Make learning a language a priority Many students find that, come the end of their four year undergraduate degree, they have spent a lot of money and time on courses and material that they havenât found overly beneficial, and which they donât see really bolstering their job opportunities. If you find yourself caught between dedicating time to learning a new language and taking a language course, and slogging through a prerequisite that you donât find stimulating or fulfilling, consider reaching out to a professional custom essay writing service like Homework Help Global. There are a wide range of services out there to help you manage your time and, more importantly, allocate it to what you really find fulfilling. Learning to speak another language, or even multiple languages, opens you up to a range of experiences and opportunities you might otherwise never have. From relationships, to job opportunities, being multilingual in a global, cosmopolitan society really does make for a more rewarding personal and professional experience. Get in touch with Homework Help Global and let us know how we can help with any of your custom essay writing needs. We have multilingual writers who are capable of completing language coursework, and can help you free up time in your schedule to dedicate to a language course if you find yourself overburdened with other work. References: (2011). âJuggling Languages Can Build Better Brains.â Penn State News. Retrieved from: juggling-languages-can-build-better-brains Merritt, A. (2013). âWhy Learn a Foreign Language? Benefits of Bilingualism.â The Telegraph. Retrieved from: Seager, C. (2015). âNow Youâre Talking: How Language Skills can Boost Your Career.â The Guardian. Retrieved from: now-youre-talking-how-language-skills-can-boost-your-career-live-chat Why to Take A Language Course and Go on Exchange Why You Should Take a Language Course and Study Abroad Why You Should Take a Language Course and Study Abroad Most North Americans (at least those who have never taken a language course) take for granted their ability to travel pretty much anywhere in the world and not have to speak anything other than English to get by. A language course should be a prerequisite in a global society Thanks to the British Empire, and the dominance of North American media, culture, currency, and its economy, a very large percentage of middle class people around the world speak English. It is a luxury that most people who are not native English speakers do not enjoy. You canât be Brazilian, or Iranian on vacation in Thailand and just assume the reception staff at your hotel are going to speak Portuguese or Farsi. You can, however, safely assume they are going to be able to speak at least enough English to tell you what time the continental breakfast is at. Most colleges and universities have a wide range of language faculties teaching history, reading, writing, literature, film etc. In addition to offering language courses on campus, many of these faculties also offer exchange opportunities (as do a large number of faculties on most modern university campuses). If you are just beginning your postsecondary career, and even if you are already well into it, below are some of the reasons you should consider taking up a language while at school, and exploring the world through one of your schoolâs many international study abroad opportunities. It improves all around cognitive functioning Studies show that students who study and learn foreign languages tend to perform better on standardized tests measuring mathematical, reading, and vocabulary capabilities. A study done by Pennsylvania State University also shows that people who are multilingual are more adept at switching between different systems of speech, structure, and writing. Being able to multitask is an important part of both personal and professional success, and how well you do in math, reading, and vocabulary tests are, while not the only, certainly good indicators of your overall cognitive capabilities. Many people choose to take easy, or what they perceive to be âlow effortâ elective courses at school because they want something that is not going to be intellectually demanding, nor require a substantial amount of time. But a language course can be both fun, as well as intellectually rewarding. Understanding how different linguistic and syntax systems work can end up improving your overall brain functioning, not to mention, will provide you with firsthand knowledge of different cultures, and different ways of being, and seeing the world. Exchanges are life-altering You donât have to study a language in order to go on exchange though many exchanges to countries where the first language is not English require some kind of language proficiency before going. Regardless of whether or not you go on exchange to a country where you already speak the language, the potential for a positive life-changing experience is very high. But if you go and study abroad for a semester, or two, in a country where the native language and culture is not your own, you will be forced to live as an outsider and adapt. This experience is one that will profoundly change your perspective on the world, on yourself, and on other people. You will also get a chance to meet people from all over the world who are in a similar boat as yourself, all trying to adapt, learn, and thrive in a new culture. You will expand your knowledge of cuisine, of culture and customs, of worldviews, history, and geopolitics, and will likely come back a more cosmopolitan, and more empathetic person. Resume experience In addition to the aforementioned opportunities, taking a language course (and learning more about it while going on international exchange) is also a great way to make your resume stand out. In a global economy, where teams of employees, partnerships, and clients are spread out around the world, and comprised of a wide variety of cultures and languages, cross-cultural communication and management capabilities are highly valued. A 2015 article in the Guardian entitled âNow Youâre Talking: How Language Skills can Boost Your Career,â interviews PriceWaterhouseCoopers Russian Desk chief, Alex Bertolotti, who contends that having language skills if you work for a big international firm gives you opportunities for interesting work for which you might otherwise not be a candidate for. In some industries, having language skills immediately bumps your resume to the top of the pile. In Canada, for instance, if you are applying for a government job, being able to speak both English and French (both official languages) almost instantly makes you a more attractive candidate than someone who only speaks one of the two. If you are trying to get a job at a Canadian bank, especially in retail banking, being able to speak Mandarin is an enormous plus. In the United States, speaking Spanish, especially in states such as California and Texas, often adds similar value to a resume. Make learning a language a priority Many students find that, come the end of their four year undergraduate degree, they have spent a lot of money and time on courses and material that they havenât found overly beneficial, and which they donât see really bolstering their job opportunities. If you find yourself caught between dedicating time to learning a new language and taking a language course, and slogging through a prerequisite that you donât find stimulating or fulfilling, consider reaching out to a professional custom essay writing service like Homework Help Global. There are a wide range of services out there to help you manage your time and, more importantly, allocate it to what you really find fulfilling. Learning to speak another language, or even multiple languages, opens you up to a range of experiences and opportunities you might otherwise never have. From relationships, to job opportunities, being multilingual in a global, cosmopolitan society really does make for a more rewarding personal and professional experience. Get in touch with Homework Help Global and let us know how we can help with any of your custom essay writing needs. We have multilingual writers who are capable of completing language coursework, and can help you free up time in your schedule to dedicate to a language course if you find yourself overburdened with other work. References: (2011). âJuggling Languages Can Build Better Brains.â Penn State News. Retrieved from: juggling-languages-can-build-better-brains Merritt, A. (2013). âWhy Learn a Foreign Language? Benefits of Bilingualism.â The Telegraph. Retrieved from: Seager, C. (2015). âNow Youâre Talking: How Language Skills can Boost Your Career.â The Guardian. Retrieved from: now-youre-talking-how-language-skills-can-boost-your-career-live-chat
Saturday, May 23, 2020
The Value of Philosophy Essay - 754 Words
The Value of Philosophy The word ââ¬Å"philosophyâ⬠is derived from two ancient Greek words, ââ¬Å"philosâ⬠meaning ââ¬Ëlove ofââ¬â¢ and ââ¬Å"sophiaâ⬠meaning ââ¬Ëwisdomââ¬â¢. Philosophers are lovers of wisdom. They have had the time and resources to sit back and wonder about what things really are like when all the pieces are fitted into one final accounting. The history of philosophy is generally divided into four stages or periods. Ancient philosophy covers Greek and Roman philosophy. Medieval philosophy deals with the great attempts by Christian, Jewish, and Arab thinkers to synthesize their religious faiths with Greek and Roman philosophy. Modern philosophy includes the various philosophical attempts in the 17th and 18th centuries to react to theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Russell was a leader in the revival of the philosophy of empiricism in the large field of epistemology. He wrote Our Knowledge of the External World (1914), The Analysis of Matter (1927) and Human Knowledge, Its Scope and Limits (1948). He also wrote Principles of mathematics (1903), Principia Mathematica (with A.N. Whitehead; three volumes, 1910 ââ¬â 1913), and Introduction to mathematical Philosophy (1919). Russell agrees that philosophy deals with issues with uncertain answers. Yet in this uncertainty, he sees philosophyââ¬â¢s chief value ââ¬â that in contemplating the great questions one is freed from narrow personal interest alone. Letââ¬â¢s review the problems of philosophy, and then make conclusion, what is the value of philosophy. In view of the fact that many men, under the influence of science or of practical affairs, are inclined to doubt whether philosophy is anything better than innocent but useless trifling, hair-splitting distinctions and controversies on matters concerning which knowledge s impossible. This view of philosophy appears to result, partly from a wrong conception of the ends of life, partly from a conception of the kind of goods which philosophy strives to achieve. Philosophy, like all other studies, aims primarily at knowledge. The knowledge it aims at is the kind of knowledge which gives unity and system to the body of the science,Show MoreRelatedValue of Philosophy Essay971 Words à |à 4 PagesPhilosophy is the study of examining and thinking about questionable ethical problems and/or generally accepted certainties. Philosophy aims at knowledge that combines a variety of academic fields as well as convictions, prejudices and beliefs. What is Russellââ¬â¢s essay about? Present Russellââ¬â¢s position in your own words. Bertrand Russellââ¬â¢s essay addresses many issues concerning philosophy. In the writing, he states philosophyââ¬â¢s nature, value, and criticisms. The essay explains these aspects ofRead MoreThe Values Of Philosophy : Questions1017 Words à |à 5 PagesName Instructor Course Institution Date The Values of Philosophy Question #1 String theory seeks to explain the origins of universe and combines the four forces of nature. It is apparent that it was impossible to integrate the theories of quantum mechanics and general relativity before the string theory. For three decades, string theory has played a key role in theoretical physics because the theory explains the Big Bang that took place some 300 billion years ago, which led to violent riseRead MoreThe Value Of Philosophy : Lord Russell1522 Words à |à 7 PagesValue is defined as something that is considered important or beneficial. Philosophy is a rational argument about the ââ¬Å"big questionsâ⬠such as knowledge, love, ethics, morals, etc. Philosopher Lord Bertrand Russell stated that [p]hilosophy is to be studied not for the sake of any definite answers to its questions, since no definite answers can, as a rule, be known to be true, but rather for the sake of the questions themselves; because these questions enlarge our conception of what is possible, enrichRead MoreThe Value Of Philosophy By Bertrand Russell803 Words à |à 4 PagesThe essay The Value of Philosophy by Bertrand Russell suggests that many ââ¬Å"practicalâ⬠people view philosophy as rather useless, because these people are ââ¬â according to Bertrand Russell ââ¬â operating both with wrong conceptions about the ends of life and wrong conceptions about what goods philosophy strives to achieve. According to Russell the value of philosophy is in what it does for the person who studies it. He makes the point that goods of the mind are as important in life as goods of the bodyRead MoreThe Value of Philosophy Essay example604 Words à |à 3 Pages9:30 T/Thu Philosophy In Russellââ¬â¢s discussion ââ¬Å"The Value of Philosophy,â⬠he asserted that the true goal of Philosophy wasnââ¬â¢t a tangible, or even reachable, goal. He says that Philosophy wonââ¬â¢t lead us to any definite answers, because once you acquire solid knowledge of a subject, it instantly becomes another science. Instead that the greatest value of this study comes from the mental freedom you get when you begin to question the status quo and not just accepting things as they are. He also saysRead MoreThe Value Of Philosophy And Its Influence On Society1271 Words à |à 6 PagesThe value of philosophy lies in its ability to influence a society and/or provide wisdom to others. Often philosophy is mistakenly thought of as inadequate compared to science. Breakthroughs in medicine allow us to live healthier and longer lives; While technological advances allow for a more connected and convenient world. Despite popular belief, philosophy is just as evident as science in advanc ing society. Contrary to the empirical measurementââ¬â¢s that science provides, philosophy provides wisdomRead MoreThe Value Of Philosophy By Bertrand Russell1959 Words à |à 8 PagesThe Value of Philosophy In Bertrand Russellââ¬â¢s article ââ¬Å"The Value of Philosophyâ⬠in his The Problems of Philosophy, he may as well be looking at the problems of his argument. Russell does reach his purpose and is able to make valid conclusions that are well supported for why and how philosophy is valuable, but his credibility can be called into question. He makes cases that allow for weaknesses and sets limitations on what he says. It is limitations he puts on how he defines philosophy and the weaknessRead MorePersonal Value Philosophy Paper1461 Words à |à 6 Pagesassessment tool used to analyze oneââ¬â¢s perspective and style thru a series of questions asked and answered. The tool provides deeper insight into an individualââ¬â¢s core belief system. The tool refers to four broad characterizations represented in ethical philosophy. This tool was used by the writer for an Interdisplinary Capstone class taken in January 2007. The writer learned her ethical perspective is most likely to be based on a blended profile Character and Obligation, and her least ethical perspectiveRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Health Policy Values871 Words à |à 4 PagesHealth Policy Values As human beings, we all have our own values, beliefs and attitudes that we have developed throughout the course of our lives. Our family, friends, community and the experiences we have had all contribute to our sense of who we are and how we view the world (The Gospel Coalition, 2014). Values are principles, standards or qualities that an individual or group of people hold in high regard. These values guide the way this author lives and the decisions made throughout my life.Read MoreMarket Management Philosophies : Concept Of Value2619 Words à |à 11 PagesMarket Management Philosophies Concept of Value Value is considered to be an important constituent of marketing and the ability of a company to provide superior value to its customers. The essential idea of marketing is offering customers superior value (Doyle, 2008). By adding more value to commodity, companies seek to improve customer satisfaction so that bonds are strengthened in order to achieve customer loyalty. The most frequently used definition of value is that value is relationship between
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
Focus Groups Role in Research Essay - 1176 Words
It has been decided to focus on to explain on a personal experience whereby focus groups produced positive or negative information hence anticipated as of other types of research. The importance of Focus groups providing better, or worse, information this is highlighted by Pitt-Catsouphes et al, 2006 (p.365) who states that focus groups ââ¬Å"offers the advantage of creating inductive insight, and these insights can then be later used in the development of quantitatively instruments such as surveysâ⬠, Duarte et al, (2006, pg.202) adds that researchers may still disagree on the members emphasis. Four main aspects Focus groups will be discussed. First, a personal experienced researched focus group conducted in a lecture. Following that, theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Experience has shown that smaller groups may be dominated by one or two members of the group, while larger groups are difficult to manage and inhibit participation by all members of the groupâ⬠. This definition could also be supported by Morgan 1997 (p.2) who mentions that ââ¬Å"focus groups are basically group interviewers, although not in the sense of an alternation between a researcherââ¬â¢s questions and the researcher participantââ¬â¢s responses. Instead, the reliance is on interaction within the group, based on topics that are supplied by the researcher who typically takes the role of the moderatorâ⬠. A focus group discussion was conduct in our lecture whereby the moderator was testing the public (students) opinion on a more intimate level toward a sum of different members of Parliament. I would like to clarify that this was not a classic focus group but a practical one. As it was not a classical one, the information which was delivered was quite true and some were not of serious however more of a mockery. There were positive as well as negative. The positive one was that people where open to express they opinions which were intimate freely, everyone came up with different opinion that was accurate and the rest of the group seemed to have agreed on, the group was not undecided. As for theShow MoreRelatedFocus Groups Are More Than Just Interviews1512 Words à |à 7 PagesFocus Groups are more than just Interviews Focus groups are known to have existing before WW11, however, it was in the 1940ââ¬â¢s sociologist Robert Merton embraced and pioneered the qualitative research method of focus groups. Mertonââ¬â¢s study observed and recorded the effects of educational propaganda and conditioning on troop morale. Nonetheless, it wasnââ¬â¢t until the 1980ââ¬â¢s, focus groups were rediscovered and became a common method of qualitative research within social sciences. Subsequently, more studiesRead MoreThe Benefits Of Kangaroo Care1629 Words à |à 7 Pages Jessica Plimpton FCS 497: Intro to Research Methods Fall 2015 The Benefits of Kangaroo Care for Fathers with an Infant in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU): Educational, Emotional and Paternal Role Support. Introduction Take a second to imagine you are a father, who has an infant admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for the first time. How are you feeling? Afraid? Confused, even? If your baby is admitted to the NICU, your first question probably will be:Read MoreSocial Isolation Of The Elderly Essay1408 Words à |à 6 Pagesreported to be associated with poor physical and psychological health among older adults (Findlay, 2003; Pettigrew, 2007). Additionally, social isolation also affects an individualââ¬â¢s well-being (Victor et al., 2000). Over the past 40 years, consistent research has been done on well-being of the elderly to reduce social isolation. Previous literature examining social isolation of the elderly has looked at it from a healthcare, sociology and psychology perspective (e.g. Bild Havighurst, 1976; Noà «l etRead MoreP3 how to be a boss1426 Words à |à 6 Pagesa selected organisation uses marketing research to contribute to the development of its marketing plans. P4: Use marketing research for marketing planning. P5: Explain how and why groups of customers are targeted for selected products. P6: Develop a coherent marketing mix for a new product or service. Merit M1: Compare marketing techniques used in marketing products in two organisations M2: Explain the limitations of marketing research used to contribute to the development ofRead MoreData Collection Techniques And Methods1316 Words à |à 6 PagesData Collection Techniques Staci Shockley Applied Research LS 698-01 Kaplan University September 21, 2015 Running head: DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES 1 DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES 4 DATA COLLECTION TECHNIQUES Data collection techniques Data collection is a very essential aspect in all research studies. Normally, inaccurate data collection methods tend to have a very big impact to the results of the study and this eventually leads to invalid results. The data collection techniques in many casesRead MoreAnalysis Of Doing Gender 902 Words à |à 4 Pages1.A. In the ââ¬Å"doing genderâ⬠, authorââ¬â¢s definition of sex is combined social condition and it is not just focus on the biological area. And also, author mentioned that different definition about sex, gender and sex category. Firstly, sex is build on traditional biological standard. It distinguished male or female by genitals. As the definition of sex, the people who was born without clearly character of male or female, those people called intersex. Peopleââ¬â¢s definition of sex brings some bad influenceRead MoreWal Mart As A Research Organization883 Words à |à 4 PagesIntroduction For this research paper, I would like to select Wal-Mart as a research organization. Wal-Mart was initiated by Sam Walton in 1962. In addition, this is an American multinational retail corporation that runs chains of large discount department stores and warehouse stores in approximately 27 countries. Moreover, the organization operates its business throughout e-commerce websites in around 10 countries and in every week about 245 million customers visits these sites. Furthermore, asRead MoreThe Aspects Of Gender Roles779 Words à |à 4 PagesAspects of gender roles that are especially relevant to understanding leadership, pertain to agentic and communal attributes (Eagly, Karau, Makhijani, 1995). Agentic characteristics are attributed more strongly to men than women. For example, males tend to be more aggressive, ambitious, dominant, forceful, independent, daring, self-confident, and competitive. In employment settings, agentic behaviors might include speaking assertively, competin g for attention, influencing others, initiating activityRead MoreHealth Professionals Attitudes Towards The Promotion Of Breastfeeding1679 Words à |à 7 Pagesin this field they have their own opinions and attitudes about new moms and the health advantages of a mother breastfeeding her child. Ultimately, the purpose of reading the article and writing this critique is to get acquainted with reviewing a research article, thus being able to recognize the quality of a study and understand the attitudes of health professionalââ¬â¢s towards the promotion of breastfeeding. Some of the major areas addressed in the literary review are whether or not the health professionalââ¬â¢sRead MoreWorking On The African American s Project With My Group Members1133 Words à |à 5 Pagesproject with my group members. I will share the process on how we completed the project as a team. In addition, I will my assessment of each member I worked with on this project. In addition, I will include my contribution to this project. Lastly, I will conclude my overall reflection of working on this project with my group mates and my decision if I would change anything about this project. I was assigned to the African American diverse group. My group chose Disability and Solution Focus as our two
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Music and Film Jaws (1975) Free Essays
An opaque dorsal fin slices through the water. Camera-point-of-view on a young man splashing in the distance. The fin submerges. We will write a custom essay sample on Music and Film: Jaws (1975) or any similar topic only for you Order Now The sound track cranks up a notch: Dum- Dum ââ¬â Dum ââ¬â Dum ââ¬â Dum ââ¬â Dum..! Bubbles, white foam, glimpses of something large and foreboding thrashing in the waves. The music increases in its intensity: Dum-Dum-Dum-Dum-Dum-Dum-Dum..! à A red mist of blood that fogs the water. The audience in the movie theatre screams hysterically. A severed limb floats lazily to the ocean floor below. The music trails off. Dun-Dun-Dun-Dun-Dun-Dun. There have only been a handful of movies produced which contain a soundtrack that is not only instantly recognizable, but where the music also plays such an integral part in the film itself. Jaws (1975) is such a film. The movie successfully tapped into several human fears of the unknown and translated these phobias into a highly entertaining film that doesnââ¬â¢t talk down to its audience, nor uses violence gratuitously to get its point across. Commented Director Steven Spielberg: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦I think one of the reasons I made ââ¬Å"Jawsâ⬠was because I was afraid of the water before I read the Peter Benchley book, and therefore I was the perfect candidate to direct this picture, because I have a tremendous amount of anxiety about the sea. Not so much about swimming pools or small ponds, but certainly about the eternal sea. I have a lot of anxiety, and my main anxiety stems from not being able to see my feet when Iââ¬â¢m treading water. And whatââ¬â¢s down there with me, and whoââ¬â¢s nibbling on my toes. And I know how to express my fear cinematically. Iââ¬â¢ve always been good at that, and I thought when ââ¬Å"Jawsâ⬠came along, well, I à already have a tremendous fear of the ocean, and certainly a fear of sharks, and so I went to [producers] Dick Zanuck and David Brown and volunteered myself to direct the adaptation from the Benchley bookâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ à (Excerpts from Steven Spielberg Interview) Composer John Williams ââ¬â while no stranger to sound tracks for television and film (heââ¬â¢d already won an Oscar as music producer in 1971 for Fiddler on the Roof) ââ¬â was just beginning to hit his stride on a musical odyssey that would see his movie soundtracks crack the Billboard music charts and sells millions. Almost unheard of for instrumental compositions, let alone for movie soundtracks. Williams saw something unique in the Spielberg rough-cut. He viewed the film as moreà of an adventure and less as a traditional horror film. Recalled Williams in a conversationà with film producer Laurent Bouzereau:à à ââ¬Å"â⬠¦This is like a pirate movie! I think we needà pirate music for this, because thereââ¬â¢s something primal about it ââ¬â but itââ¬â¢s also fun andà entertainingâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ( Lindahl, pg1 ) As the legend goes, Williams was previewing proposed music for the film on his piano, playing the basic structure for Spielberg and Bousereau and hammering out the now famous bars of impending doom on his piano keys. Spielberg thought Williams was kidding. ââ¬Å"dum, dum, dum-dum, dum-dum, dum-dumâ⬠à The rest as they say, is history: At first I began to laugh, and I thought, ââ¬Å"Johnà has a great sense of humor!â⬠But he wasà à serious ââ¬â that was the theme for Jaws. So heà à played it again and again, and suddenly ità seemed right. Sometimes the best ideas areà à the most simple ones and John had found aà signature for the entire scoreâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ à ( Lindahl, pg 1) Let it be said that the music in Jaws is effective because itââ¬â¢s not over used. By playing the Jaws theme only to foreshadow the presence of the shark, the music is much more effective. Several examples of this stand out. The music played in the scenes of families playing at the beach have an almost home town flavor to them. The music when the boats are setting out to capture the shark have a classical feel and one scene in particular ââ¬â of a child playing in the water with a fake shark fin ââ¬â has no music at all. Collectively, this contrast in musical styles plays to the audienceââ¬â¢s advantage. They know in short order when they do hear the jaws theme that thereââ¬â¢s no mistaking the fact that the shark is going to make an appearance. What is it about the movie Jaws and its music that sets it apart from so many other adventure and suspense films? Oddly enough, prior to the filmââ¬â¢s premier there wasnââ¬â¢t a ââ¬Å"genreââ¬â¢ for this type of film. Horror and suspense were considered ââ¬Å"Category B or Câ⬠. In fact, after Jaws cracked 100 million dollars during its North American Box Office the genre of monster/animal/villain stalking its prey was firmly in place. Whose to say thereââ¬â¢s not a little bit of Jaws in every film ranging from Rambo to Halloween? Certainly there are variations of John Williams film score in the above mentioned film and more. Stephen Spielberg has gone on record as saying that Jaws wouldnââ¬â¢t have been nearly as successful if it didnââ¬â¢t have the music it did. Plainly put, the music works. Would any other type of soundtrack so indelibly stamp an image on the subconscious of theà audience? Highly doubtful. The by-now famous ââ¬Å"â⬠¦dum, dum, dum-dum, dum-dum, dum-dumâ⬠¦Ã ââ¬Å"à creates an instant visual. But also serves as a metaphor for the sharkââ¬â¢s excitement when it approaches its prey or when it approaches the boat of Robert Shaw. Critics can say what they will regarding John Williams score for Jaws. As a ââ¬Å"piece of musicâ⬠it is not the kind of score that allows for listening while lying down on the coach for example. It is music that conjures up images. There are several suites ââ¬â if the term can be freely used ââ¬â that showcase Williams versatility as a scorer of music and as a producer who knows how to grab his audience by the collar. When it comes to music that creates a sense of suspense and hysteria the loaded ââ¬Å"Shark Cage Fugueâ⬠bears listening to more than once. Similar treatment is due ââ¬Å"The Great Shark Chaseâ⬠and the nearly five minutes long ââ¬Å"Man Against Beastâ⬠, where renditions of the familiar theme appears and disappears, interwoven with the theme associated with the actual shark hunting. However, Williamsââ¬â¢ use of Quintââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"sailor songâ⬠as a recurring theme is used to great effect as a vehicle to mark the captainââ¬â¢s inner resolution and character. He sings it when he is in a good mood, or when he needs to conjure up his muse: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦Farewell and a-do to you fair Spanish ladies, farewell and a-do to you ladies in Spainâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ à Williams interweaves this ditty at crucial parts of the film. Most notably when his ship ââ¬Å"The Orcaâ⬠is floundering and ready to sink. The shark is waiting ââ¬Å"out thereâ⬠somewhere and Quint is running out of luck. The music again ââ¬â in this case not even the theme ââ¬â is used to great effect. On a more technical note, it would be impossible to discuss the impact of the Jaws soundtrack on the film, without exploring how the music itself was packaged and made available to the public as a marketing tool. Andrew Drannon provides a valuable perspective on the issued soundtrack for Jaws, as well as an astute track by track breakdown of the music on itââ¬â¢s latest re-issue. Drannon mentions that the original Jaws score exists in three recordings: The original LP and a 1992 CD re-issue feature about half an hour of music that Williams rearranged and re-recorded for the sole purposes of the album, and this was for a long time the only available music from the picture. Drannon delves further into the music, saying: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦Film score collectors have been historicallyà à quite adamant in their demands for complete releases of soundtracks, namely for the scores of John Williams, which so often leave out highlights of the music and place them into confusing suites.à To some, this may seem a bit unneeded, due to the fact that the original 35-minute LP album featured a great majority of the score, with a few of the shorter cues actually expanded into suites. Still, for the 25th anniversary of the film, Decca saw fit to rescueà the entire musical work, minus the album expansions for a 51-minute CD release. Fans will be elated due to the inclusion of almost 30 minutes of new material, including fantastic cues not used in the film, which make up for the loss of the infamous original album developmentsâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ (Andrew Drannon pg 1) The final re-issue presents the jaws soundtrack into a more cohesive listening experience. Years after the film made its debut in theatres, after countless showings on television, after a Jaws Fest even, the music ha become an institution. There have been only a handful of films where the music has much such an impact: the James Bond franchise, Enrico Morricone with ââ¬Å"The Good, The Bad and The Ugly, and possibly the Indiana Jones series. But none make the blood curl, create a knot in oneââ¬â¢s stomach and send a chill up the spine like John Williams soundtrack for the original summer blockbuster, Jaws. References: Spielberg, Steven. Interview excerpts, Jaws 30th Anniversary Special Edition DVD linear notes, 2005 Lindahl, Andreas. Scoreviews.Com. Internet article. pg 1 1998 Ibid. pg 1 Drannon, Andrew. Decca Music Group Sound Tracks Review: Jaws 25th Anniversary Edition. Internet article. pg 1. 2000 How to cite Music and Film: Jaws (1975), Essay examples
Saturday, May 2, 2020
Mexican War of Independence free essay sample
Mexico still remains a society of divisions that were never addressed through Mexicoââ¬â¢s independence because the final leader of the war of independence avoided it. * In the 300 years of Spanish reign, they instilled a social hierarchy and economic ideal, which became impossible to overcome with the passing of time. Since the Conquista, the Spanish based their relationship with the native Indians on brutality, exploitation, and prejudice. This became the basis of the society. The Spanish inability to integrate the Indians into society became the start of the Spanish down fall, and a reason that Mexico still suffers today. Mexico was divided into three social groups: at the bottom were the native Indians, blacks, and the castes; then came the creoles (Mexican-born Spaniards), and then at the top where the peninsulares, the Spaniards. Creoles, although economically equal to the peninsulares, were discriminated against for being white Europeans born in the new world, and therefore they were deprived of positions of power in New Spain. The social barriers were immense between the races making the culture and the economy rely mostly on the work of the poor. While Indians were made to pay tribute but the whites were not expected to. Henderson describes the system as ââ¬Å"intended to perpetuate inequality, in accordance with the Spanish conviction that God designed human society along hierarchical lines. â⬠The Indians were mistreated and deprived in all aspects of life by the governing Spanish, although they were still educated by Catholic missionaries, who came to the New World to convert the Indians, teaching them a loose version of the Catholic Bible and Spanish ideals. While badly mistreated, according to Henderson, the Indians ââ¬Å"may have despised the Spaniards in general, but they revered the distant king, a figure no less abstract or perennially popular than godâ⬠. The peninsulares were the royalty of New Spain, but with the decline of Spanish power the peninsular population diminished. With fewer peninsulares the creoles came to power in New Spain, buying their way into powerful positions. As Spain itself was declining rapidly, under both Charles III and his son Charles IV, Spain ended up in the hands of Ferdinand VII. Under Charles III, Spain learned how underutilized its colonies were and implanted the Bourbon reforms to raise the Royal revenues substantially in Spanish America. The reforms only deepened the social prejudices by kicking out the Jesuits (depriving education to the creoles), raising taxes only on the Indians then including the creoles, not allowing Mexicans to dress like Spanish, and finally taking away from the poor entertainment (bullfighting) and cheap alcohol (pulque). The Bourbon reforms ended up most importantly lowering the creoles to minority status. Then Charles IV, who became hated by Spain and her colonies, only enforced the Bourbon reforms; he raised the taxes on the Mexican aristocracy because he would not tax the Spanish. He then decreed the Law of Consolidation of 1804, which ordered the Mexican church to sell its land and give its earnings to the crown also call in most loans it had with creoles and Indians. Napoleon made Charles IV abdicate, and instated Charlesââ¬â¢ son Ferdinand VII, and then quickly replaced Ferdinand VII with his brother Joseph. All of Spain and Mexico was in agreement that ââ¬Å"Ferdinand VII was their rightful King and that they would reject any decree or representative from the French usurperâ⬠. Which shows the loyalty Spain and its colonies had to their king. With the social injustices occurring and their constant change in governmental authorities, the people showed they disapproval. Rallies of rebels (mostly creoles) would cry, ââ¬Å"Long live the King! Death to bad government! â⬠Which represents the support for the king but they were disgusted towards the local authorities that controlled them on a daily basis. With many failed conspiracies only the conspiracy of Queretaro turned the corner to the start of a revolution. The Conspiracy was built to appeal to the Indians by making it a war against their local Spanish overlords as opposed to ââ¬Å"their (creoles) true motivationâ⬠¦ to put political power in the hands of creoles like themselves. They also knew that few of those Indians and castes would fight in the name of independence from Spain: the poor, while they hated Spaniards, had great reverence for King and churchâ⬠. The creoles promised the Indians that they would get rid of their insanely high tribute payments and they would fight in the name of the King Ferdinand VII. The creoles knew that alone that would not be able to beat the Spanish armies in Mexico, they would need the masses of Indians and poor to fight with them. The Conspiracy was to be led by a rebel priest named Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla. Hidalgo was a man who ââ¬Å"seemed to offer something for everyoneâ⬠, born a wealthy creole but none a less as a priest appealed to the Indians and the fellow conspirators. Miguel Hidalgo and his fellow conspirators were fighting under one common cause to ââ¬Å"denounce the policies that seemed to perpetuate the glaring and growing divisions in class. The crises unfolding in both Spain and Mexico seemed to offer them a brilliant opportunity to correct those divisions by making a revolutionâ⬠. At Dolores, early in the morning on September 16, 1810, Miguel Hidalgo, fearing the conspiracy to rebel would be discovered, quickly acted by ordering the church bells to ring calling for a crowd to gather, where he then gave his historic speech of El Grito de Dolores. As Henderson states, ââ¬Å"that he (Hidalgo) told the people of Mexico that the Mexico city junta was actively planning to surrender Mexico to the French, and they must rise up to defend church and king; most likely he promised the Indians an end to tribute payments; and he probably assured that all who joined the cause would be paid wages. He closed his oration with the cry, ââ¬ËLong live Fernando VII! Long live America! Long live religion, and death to bad government! ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬ So the revolution had begun. * With the poor behind Hidalgo, a charismatic leader he, was ââ¬Å"woefully deficient as a military leaderâ⬠. Once his army of creoles, castes, and Indians, reached San Miguel, his army ransacked all Spanish stores for ââ¬Å"food and vengeanceâ⬠. Without enough funding Hidalgo said ââ¬Å"sacking and plundering, were the rights of war and unless the common folk were permitted to do such things they would have no incentive to support the rebellion. â⬠Ignacio Allende, Hidalgoââ¬â¢s second in command, disagreed, for Allende knew that without more discipline was needed. Yet ââ¬Å"Hidalgo defended the mayhem on the grounds that Spaniards had abused the Indians for centuriesâ⬠. After a rather easy unorganized victory in San Miguel Hidalgo was therefore to be known as Captain General of America and headed for Guanajuato. Guanajuato ended up being a blood bath in which almost all the creoles and Spaniards protecting the treasury were killed without mercy, ââ¬Å"revealing the burning hatred and mutual incomprehension that prevailed between rich and poorâ⬠. Hidalgoââ¬â¢s lack of control over his army, as described by Aleman, a famous Mexican historian, depicts Guanajuato as being ââ¬Å"the most lamentable aspect of disorder, ruin and desolation (on the part of Father Hidalgo). â⬠Even though Hidalgo was shocked, he did nothing to stop the looting. The mass savagery performed at Guanajuato became * ââ¬Å"a Pyrrhic victoryâ⬠¦ not only did the rebels lose many men in the siege, but the sacking of Guanajuato soon becameâ⬠¦ a cautionary tale that, to moderate and conservative creoles, revealed the horrors that would ensue should they place their fate in the hands of the unwashed massesâ⬠. * Henderson 81-82 * After Guanajuato, Hidalgo gave so many military commissions that it became army run by criminals. His newly appointed officers would carry out 350 executions of Spanish prisoners by beheading and mutilating them. With the appointments of unworthy officers and mob-like behavior of his growing army, Hidalgo started to lose creole supporters. * Despite the brutality and the haphazard military direction, his armyââ¬â¢s successes improved his fortunes, which allowed him to start produce propaganda to attract Indians and reflect his sympathy for the oppressed. In El Despertador Americano, Miguel Hidalgo claimed that the Spanish ââ¬Å"trampled the rights of the Mexican peopleâ⬠¦desecrating their religionâ⬠¦ and he threatened to put to the sword any Spaniard or Mexican who spoke against or opposed the rebellion, refused to free his slaves or gave shelter to a Spaniard. â⬠The propaganda was a realization that he had lost creole support and had to rely on the poor to finish the war. * With a disastrous defeat at Guadalajara, Allende ââ¬Å"was incensed that he had lost every debate over military tactics, even though Hidalgoââ¬â¢s plans had proved consistently catastrophic. Allende then took over the army. He failed to acquire the United States support to fight against the Spanish, and both Hidalgo and Allende were captured by the Royalist army, the tried, executed and were displayed on spikes at the treasury of Guanajuato which the previously plundered. In anyway one looks at Hidalgoââ¬â¢s rebellion, one can not blame him for the huge differences in the social classes, but can be held accountable for his poor military leadership and loss of control over his army, which devastated the land, increased hatreds between Mexicans and Europeans, and delayed Mexicoââ¬â¢s independence from Spain. Jose Maria Morelos, a general under Hidalgo, became his successor in 1811. Morelos was a much more capable military leader than Hidalgo having early success in the revolution, and became the ââ¬Å"rebellions most successful generalâ⬠. Yet, he still failed through major military blunders and a movement that was still unorganized without a unifying ideology. While he is successful in southern Mexico, his first mistake was not taking Puebla, which would have led him to Mexico City. Instead he was stuck in Cuautla, where he was outnumbered, two to one, by royalist forces that laid siege on the town for several months. In desperation he sacrificed all 3000 of his troops for a chance to escape. ââ¬Å"The carnage inflicted upon the insurgents was so terrible that even some Royalist officers were sickened by itâ⬠. Morelos denies military advice to attack Mexico City at its vulnerable, and instead insists on taking Acapulco, a port that was no longer significant to the Spanish. While the rebel armies had control over most southern Mexico and portions of central and north Mexico, the rebels declared Independence from Spain in September 1813 and producing a ââ¬Å"viable constitutionâ⬠. The Declaration of Independence was short sited, ââ¬Å"it declared Mexico Independent, but beyond that it gave little hint as to what the new nation would be likeâ⬠. It did not take into consideration the difference between classes and would not address it, making the whole war fought for just a change in ruling party. During this time, the royalist army rebuilt itself from being in a demoralized state, with the declaration of Independence, Morelos set his sights on recapturing Valladolid. The Royalist army led by Colonel Agustin Iturbide, a pivotal figure in the war, beat Morelos at Valladolid. Once captured and traded several times between the government and the church then finally trialed and sentenced to death. * With the death of Morelos, the rebellion was slowed down and disorganized with out a prominent leader with a cause. The period during 1816 to 1820, the revolution ââ¬Å"merely became dispersed and disorganized, the domain not of prominent commandersâ⬠¦ but rather of freelancers leading small bands of raidersâ⬠. It became a war ââ¬Å"more for the lust for booty or vengeance than a desire to free Mexico from foreign domination and create a just societyâ⬠. Meanwhile in Spain itself was going through her own revolution, trying to push Ferdinand VII back off the throne and bring back the Constitution of 1812 which very much more liberal. * With the situation in Spain developing Colonel Agustin Iturbide, a creole royalist military commander, saw an opportunity, in which would not only benefit him but Mexico as a its own independent country with out anymore bloodshed. Iturbide although Mexican born believed in the Spanish ideals, but * Iturbide had grown favorable to the idea of Mexican independence, though the reasons for his conversion (to the rebel forces) are a bit murky. Some on the grounds might well been cynical an self servingâ⬠¦ he had no doubt that leading a successful movement for independence could bring new financial prospects. And he felt that his service to the Spanish crown had been insufficiently appreciated. * Henderson 165 * Iturbide thought the Spain was not deserving of his support and he changed his alliance to his birth land of Mexico. Iturbide wrote, ââ¬Å"my country was about to be drenched in blood; I was led to believe that I had the power to save her, I did not hesitate to undertake so sacred a duty. He then though a matter of dealings with Vicente Guerrero, the rebellions most fit leader, united forces. Iturbide suggested the Plan of Iguala, and as Henderson suggest ââ¬Å"it was ingenious, albeit highly imperfect; neither liberal or revolutionary nor counterrevolutionary; and in the end it said much about the condition of Mexicoââ¬â¢s fractured societyâ⬠. Iturbide now the new leader of the rebel army, brought wit h him a new cause to push for the end of the war, although it being different principles from what they fought for. The Plan of Iguala offered three main ideas/cause to fight for, first that Mexico would only accept the Roman Catholic Church as itââ¬â¢s main religion, second that Mexico would be itââ¬â¢s own independent country, and third that Mexico would be a constitutional monarchy (hopefully still run by Ferdinand VII or a European Royalty). The plan satisfied all the people involved and making no one party the main beneficiary, supplying everyone with a short term result, but creating the same problems they were trying to break away from for down the road. The plan still ensured ââ¬Å"poisonous division in race, class, region, culture, abd ideology were part of the wrap an woof of Mexican society and a mere statement that such divisions were no longer acceptable was unlikely to about the needed transformation. â⬠But Iturbide ideals were inclined to see ââ¬Å"legal equality more as a means of protecting the rights of European Spaniards than elevating the dark skinned massesâ⬠. * With no suitable heir to take the Mexican throne, Iturbide becomes the first Mexican Emperor. With the power Iturbide had, he became more and more tyrannical until he was finally exiled then he returned where then he was killed. * Hatred of European Spaniards had fueled the Hidalgo rebellion and much of the popular violence of the revolutionary decade; the superficial paean to fellowship in the Plan of Iguala did nothing at all to diminish that hatred, which was in fact a key element in the Mexicoââ¬â¢s incipient nationalism. Henderson, 188 * This is where Iturbide failed by not even trying to change the social trenches that affect Mexico today. The Mexican Wars for Independence by Timothy J. Henderson gives a rather dull view on what pride an entire nation today. The war for independence ended up being a just a change in government performing no other need social change that would fix the issues that still affect Mexico to this day. Hidalgo, although starting out with the right ideals, eventually only supported the poorââ¬â¢s causes, trying to hard to inflict change. U nder Morelos, he was lacking one unified nations state with equality for everyone. Iturbide unlike his predecessors wanted independence from Spain but did not want to take away the prejudice in the social groups, he in the end tried to change the least with the immense opportunity he had in front of him. None of them were able to correct or address the social division created by 300 years of Spanish rule. By doing too little or doing too much. But it was ridiculous to even conceive that 10 years of war could undo 300 years of Spanish colonial rule. * * * * * Bibliography. Timothy J. Henderson, The Mexican Wars of Independence.
Subscribe to:
Comments (Atom)